1. Yintoni umoya? Yintoni umoya oqhelekileyo?
Impendulo: Isibhakabhaka esijikeleze umhlaba, sisetyenziselwa ukubiza umoya.
Umoya phantsi koxinzelelo oluchaziweyo lwe-0.1MPA, amaqondo obushushu e-20 ° C, kwaye ubumnyathe obuku-36% lumoya oqhelekileyo. Umoya oqhelekileyo wahlukile kumoya oqhelekileyo kubushushu kwaye iqulethe umswakama. Xa kukho umphunga wamanzi emoyeni, kanye xa umphunga wamanzi ahlukaniswe, ivolumu yomoya iya kuncitshiswa.
2. Yeyiphi inkcazo yemeko yomoya?
Impendulo: Inkcazo yemeko esemgangathweni yile: Imeko yomoya xa uxinzelelo lomoya luyi-0.1 ° C (inkcazo yeshishini yasekhaya yi-0 ° C) ibizwa ngokuba yimeko esemgangathweni yomoya.
Kwimeko esemgangathweni, ukuxinana komoya yi-1.185kg / m3 (umthamo we-Air Trainist Grafter, isihluzi se-PRORRESS) siphawulwa njenge-NM3 / Min).
3. Yintoni i-moya egxunyelweyo kunye nomoya ongenazona?
Impendulo: Kubushushu obuthile kunye noxinzelelo, umxholo we-vapor yamanzi kwimo enomswakama (oko kukuthi, ukuxinana kwe-vapor yamanzi) inomda othile; Xa inani lexabiso lamanzi eliqulethwe kwiqondo lobushushu oluthile lifikelela kumxholo owona mgangatho, umswakama ngeli xesha womoya ubizwa ngokuba ngumoya ophelisiweyo. Umoya oqingqiweyo ngaphandle komxholo owona mgangatho we-vapor wamanzi ubizwa ngokuba ngumoya ongenazo.
4. Phantsi kweyiphi imeko yomoya ongenasiphelo? Yintoni "iNgeniso"?
Okwangoku xa umoya ongenaxhala onesithukuthezi, iimpuphu zamanzi ezinamanzi ziya kulala kwimozulu enomswakama, ebizwa ngokuba yi "proguntos". I-proonces iqhelekile. Umzekelo, umswakama womoya ehlotyeni uphakame kakhulu, kwaye kulula ukwenza amacoyi amanzi kumphezulu wombhobho wamanzi. Kwintsasa yasebusika, amaconsi amanzi aya kuvela kwiglasi yabahlali. Le yeyona ndawo inomthubi opholile phantsi koxinzelelo oluqhubekayo lokufikelela kwinqaku lokuphuma. Isiphumo sokuxoxa ngenxa yobushushu.
5. Zithini uxinzelelo lwe-themosmosmic, uxinzelelo olupheleleyo noxinzelelo lwe-gauge? Zeziphi iiyunithi eziqhelekileyo zoxinzelelo?
Impendulo: Uxinzelelo olubangelwe ngumaleko omkhulu wemozulu ejikeleze umhlaba emhlabeni okanye izinto zomphezulu zibizwa ngokuba "yingcinezelo yomphezulu", kunye nophawu yi-ρb; Ingcinezelo isebenza ngokuthe ngqo kumphezulu wesikhongozeli okanye into ibizwa ngokuba "noxinzelelo olupheleleyo". Ixabiso loxinzelelo liqala ukusuka kwi-vacuum epheleleyo, kunye nesimboli ngu-P; Uxinzelelo olutyhilelwe yidrafti, i-vauguum gaugus, iityhubhu ze-U-Deped kunye nezinye izixhobo ezibizwa ngokuba "yi-Geuge Preser", kunye "noxinzelelo lwe-theiges" luqala. Ubudlelwane phakathi kwezi zintathu
Pa = pb + pg
Uxinzelelo lubhekisa kumandla kwicandelo ngalinye, kwaye iyunithi yoxinzelelo yi-N / Square, ichazwe njengo-PA, ebizwa ngokuba yiPascal. I-MPA (MPA) isetyenziswa rhoqo kubunjineli
I-1MPA = I-10 yamandla amathandathu
I-1 yoxinzelelo lomgangatho oqhelekileyo = 0.1013MPA
I-1kpa = i-1000pa = 0.01kgf / isikwere
I-1MPA = I-10 yamandla e-10 ye-PA = 10.2kgff / isikwere
Kwinkqubo yakudala yeeyunithi, uxinzelelo luhlala lubonakaliswa kwi-KGF / CM2 (i-seilogram's cerimeter / isikwere).
6. Yintoni iqondo lobushushu? Zeziphi iiyunithi zobushushu ezisetyenziswayo?
A: Iqondo lobushushu ngumndilili wezinto eziphambili zokuhamba kwe-molekyuli zezinto.
Ubushushu obuNgcono: Iqondo lobushushu liqala kwiqondo elingaphantsi lomda
Iqondo lokushisa le-Celsis: Iqondo lobushushu liqala kwindawo yokunyibilika lomkhenkce, iyunithi yi "Celsius", kwaye isimboli yeyunithi yi-℃. Ukongeza, amazwe aseBritane kunye namaMelika ahlala esebenzisa "ubushushu be-fahrenheit", kwaye isimboli yeyunithi yi-F.
Ubudlelwane bokuguqula phakathi kweeyunithi zeqondo lobushushu ezintathu
T (k) = t (° C) + 273.16
t (f) = 32 + 1.8t (℃)
7. Luyintoni uxinzelelo lwenxalenye ye-vapor yamanzi kwimoni emsud?
Impendulo: Umoya oMsuduka ngumxube we-vapor yamanzi kunye nomoya owomileyo. Kwivolomu ethile yomoya onomswakama, isixa se-vapor vapor (ngobunzima) sihlala siphantsi kakhulu kunomoya owomileyo, kodwa ithatha ivolumu efanayo njengomoya owomileyo. , inobushushu obufanayo. Uxinzelelo lomoya oqingqiweyo sisibalo soxinzelelo lwe-Geases (okt, umoya owomileyo kunye nomphunga wamanzi). Uxinzelelo lwe-vapor yamanzi kwimozulu enomswakama ibizwa ngokuba yinxalenye yoxinzelelo lwenxalenye yemihla ngemihla, eboniswe njengePSO. Ixabiso layo libonisa inani le-vapor yamanzi kwimozulu enomswakama, okuphakathi komxholo we-vapor wamanzi, okuphakathi kwengcinezelo yoxinzelelo lwamanzi. Ingcinezelo yenxalenye yomphunga wamanzi kumanqindi ogxunyelweyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-GAPRA YOKUGQIBELA YOKUGQIBELA YOKUGQIBELA YAMANZI AMANQAKU AMANQAKU APHAKATHI
8. Uyintoni umswakama womoya? Ungakanani umswakama?
Impendulo: Ubungakanani bomzimba obuveza ukomelela kunye nokufuma komoya kubizwa ngokuba ngu hulatha. Amagama asetyenziswayo asetyenziswayo asetyenziswayo:
Phantsi kweemeko ezisemgangathweni, ubunzima be-vapor yamanzi equlethwe kwimozulu ye-1 m3 ibizwa ngokuba ngu "theidity" ogqibeleleyo "womoya onomswakama, kwaye iyunithi i-G / m3. Eyona the fuidity epheleleyo ibonisa ukuba ingakanani i-vapor yamanzi equlathwe kwivolumu yeyunithi yomoya onomswakama, kodwa ayibonisi ubuchule bomoya onomswakama ukuba ifumane umphunga wamanzi, oko kukuthi, ubungakanani bomsulwa wamanzi. Eyona thenyayisi ingumntu oxineneyo we-vapor yamanzi kwi-day omanzi.
Umyinge wexabiso le-vapor yamanzi equlethwe kwimo enomswakama ukuya kwelona nani liphezulu le-vapor yamanzi kwiqondo lobushushu elifanayo ibizwa ngokuba ngu "ufumanise ufuma" Umswandi wemifanekiso ophakathi kwe-0 ne-100%. Incinci ixabiso le-φ, utshiyi i-air kwaye yomelele umthamo wokufumana amanzi; Ixabiso elikhulu le-φ, i-hume umoya kunye nokubuthathaka komthamo wokufumana amanzi. Umthamo wokufuma wokufuma komswakama uhambelana nobushushu bayo. Njengoko iqondo lobushushu le-sumple moya liphuma, uxinzelelo lombuso luyanda ngokufanelekileyo. Ukuba umxholo we-vapor wamanzi uhlala ungatshintshi ngeli xesha, umswaka-mpuma we-φ womoya omthusayo uya kuncipha, oko kukuthi, amandla omda omanziyo aphumle. Ke ngoko, ngexesha lokufakwa kwegumbi le-Air Tecressor igumbi, ingqalelo kufuneka ihlawulwe ukugcina umoya, ukwehlisa ubushushu, akukho ntshukumo, kunye nokuqokelelwa kwamanzi kwigumbi lokunciphisa umswakama emoyeni.
9. Yintoni umxholo wokufuma? Ungabalwa njani umongo?
Impendulo: Ngokomoya omdaka, ubunzima be-vapor yamanzi equlethwe kwi-1kg yomoya owomileyo ibizwa ngokuba "ngumxholo womswakama" womoya omdaka, oqhele ukusetyenziswa. Ukubonisa ukuba umxholo wokufuma ω phantse ngokuhambelana ne-Vapor ye-vapor ye-vapor ye-PSO, kwaye ilingane ngokungafaniyo kwingcinezelo yomoya opheleleyo p. ω ngokuchanekileyo chaza ubungakanani bomphunga wamanzi oqulathwe emoyeni. Ukuba uxinzelelo lwemozulu luhlala luhleli, xa umoya wobushushu omoya onomswakama uhlala uhlala, uhlala ehleli. Ngeli xesha, ukufuma komswakama ngokulandelayo kuyanda, umxholo wokufuma unyuka, kwaye amandla okufuma kwaphulukana.
I-10. Ithini i-vapor ye-vapor yamanzi kwi-Air egxunyelweyo ixhomekeke?
Impendulo: Umxholo we-vapor yamanzi (i-vapor ye-vapor yamanzi) emoyeni ilinganiselwe. Kuluhlu lwengcinezelo ye-aerodynamic (i-2MPA), inokuqwalaselwa ukuba ukuxinana komphunga wamanzi kwi-Air egxunyeneyo kuxhomekeke kubushushu kwaye akunanto yakwenza noxinzelelo lomoya. Amaqondo obushushu aphezulu, kokukhona uqina loxinzelelo lwamanzi agcweleyo. Umzekelo, nge-40 ° C, i-1 ye-cuige ye-cuige inesifo esizaliswe sisifo samanzi apheleleyo
11. Uyintoni umoya omthubi?
Impendulo: Umoya oqulathe inani elithile le-vapor yamanzi ibizwa ngokuba nguMsudy, kunye nomoya ngaphandle kwe-vapor yamanzi ibizwa ngokuba ngumoya owomileyo. Umoya ojikeleze thina yimosi eqinileyo. Kwindawo ethile ethile, ukuqulunqwa kunye nenqanaba lomoya owomileyo uzinzile, kwaye ayinantsingiselo ekhethekileyo kwintsebenzo ye-thermal yomoya obhubhileyo. Nangona umxholo we-vapor wamanzi we-vaod kwimozulu omthusayo akamkhulu, utshintsho lomxholo lunempembelelo enkulu kwipropathi yomzimba yomoya onomswakama. Inani le-vapor yamanzi limisela inqanaba lokuqina kunye nokufuma emoyeni. Into esebenzayo ye-compressor yomoya ingumntu onamanzi omanzi.
12. Buyintoni ubushushu?
Impendulo: Ubushushu luhlobo lwamandla. Iiyunithi ezisetyenziswayo: kj / (kg · (), i-cal / (i-cal / (kg ℃), (kg · ℃), njl. Njl. Njl. Njl.
Ngokwemithetho ye-Thermodynamics, ubushushu bunokudluliselwa ngokuzenzekelayo ukusuka kubushushu obuphezulu kuphele ukuya kuthi ga kwinkcitho, ukuqhuba, imitha kunye nezinye iindlela. Ukungabikho kokusetyenziswa kwamandla ngaphandle komhlaba, ubushushu abunakuze bubuyiselwe umva.
13. Yintoni ubushushu obunengqondo? Yintoni ubushushu bawo?
Impendulo: Kwinkqubo yokufudumeza okanye ukupholisa, ubushushu buye bakhutshwa okanye bakhutshwe yinto xa iqondo lobushushu layo liphuma okanye liwa ngaphandle kokutshintsha imeko yenqanaba lantlandlolo ebizwa ngokuba yi-Geatraby. Inokwenza abantu bafumane utshintsho olucacileyo kunye nobushushu, obunokulinganiswa rhoqo nge-thermometer. Umzekelo, ubushushu buyekile ngokunyusa amanzi ukusuka kwi-20 ° C ukuya kwi-80 ° C kubizwa ngokuba bubushushu obunengqondo.
Xa into ifumana okanye ikhuphe ubushushu, utshintsho lweSigaba seSigaba seSigaba seSigaba (njengegesi iba lulwelo ...), kodwa amaqondo obushushu akatshintshi. Oku kuphononongwa okanye ukukhulula ubushushu bubizwa ngokuba bubushushu bomntu. Ubushushu obunexeshana akunakulinganiswa nge-thermometer, kwaye awukho umzimba womntu awukwazi ukuyiva, kodwa inokubalwa ngokuvavanya.
Emva kokuba i-moya egxunyelweyo ikhuphe ubushushu, inxenye yomphunga wamanzi iya kuba yinqanaba lamanzi olwelo, kwaye iqondo lobushushu lomoya ogcweleyo aluyeki ngeli xesha, kwaye le nxalenye yobushushu ekhutshiwe bubushushu.
14. Yintoni i-carhalpy yomoya?
Impendulo: I-Auntpy yoMoya ibhekisa kubushushu ngokupheleleyo obuqulethwe emoyeni, ihlala isekwe kwiyunithi yobunzima bomoya owomileyo. I-Anthalpy imelwe sisimboli Ι.
15. Yintoni i-Dew Point? Inxulumene nantoni?
Impendulo: Inqaku le-Dew iqondo lobushushu apho umoya ongenabanini usezantsi kweqondo lobushushu ngelixa ugcina uxinzelelo lwamanzi rhoqo (oko kukuthi, ugcina umxholo wamanzi rhoqo) ukuze ifikelele kwakhona. Xa iqondo lobushushu liye laya kwindawo yokuphezulu, i-droples ekhutshiwe iya kutyunjwa ngumoya omphunga. I-Dew Point Soushini enomthubi ayihambelani kuphela neqondo lokushisa, kodwa likwanxulumene nenani lokufuma kumda onomswakama. Inqaku le-Dew liphezulu ngomxholo wamanzi aphezulu, kwaye i-Dew Point iphantsi ngomxholo wamanzi asezantsi. Kwiqondo elithile lokushisa lomoya, ukuphakama kweqondo lokushisa i-Dew, eyona nto iphambili yoxinzelelo lwamanzi kumhlaza wamanzi kumxholo onomswakama, kunye nomxholo wamanzi umxholo we-vapor. Iqondo lokushisa lokukhomba libonisa ukubaluleka kubunjineli be-compressor. Umzekelo, xa iqondo lokukhuphela i-compressor yomoya liphantsi kakhulu, umxube wegesi uya kulifumana ngenxa yobushushu obuphantsi kumgqomo wegesi yegesi, oya kwenza i-oyile edanisa iqulethe amanzi kwaye ichaphazele isiphumo se-conbriceation. Ke ngoko, ubushushu be-compressor ye-air compressor kufuneka yenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba ayiphantsi kweqondo lokushisa ngaphandle kwexinzelelo olulinganayo.
I-Post Tight: Jul-17-2023
